Computer-Aided Forensic Facial Comparison

2010-03-26
Computer-Aided Forensic Facial Comparison
Author: Martin Paul Evison
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 212
Release: 2010-03-26
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1439811342
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Countless facial images are generated everyday through digital and cell phone cameras, surveillance video systems, webcams, and traditional film and broadcast video. As a result, law enforcement and intelligence agencies have numerous opportunities to acquire and analyze images that depict persons of interest. Computer-Aided Forensic Facial Comparison is a comprehensive exploration of the scientific, technical, and statistical challenges facing researchers investigating courtroom identification from facial images. Supported by considerable background material, research data, and prototypic statistical and applications software, this volume brings together contributions from anthropologists, computer scientists, forensic scientists, and statisticians. Topics discussed include: Face database collection in 3D Error and distinguishing power associated with craniofacial landmarks Statistical analysis of face shape variation Comparison of instrumentation Court admissibility issues Missing data Computer applications development Based on the quantification and analysis of more than 3000 facial images, this seminal work lays the foundation for future forensic facial comparison, computer applications development, and research in face shape variation and analysis. Using experimental and real case data, it demonstrates the influence of illumination, image resolution, perspective, and pose angle on landmark visibility. Downloadable resources are included which contain the raw 3D landmark datasets for 3000 faces, additional datasets used in 2D analysis, and computer programs and spreadsheets used in analysis and in the development of prototypic applications software.

Craniofacial Identification

2012-05-03
Craniofacial Identification
Author: Caroline Wilkinson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 289
Release: 2012-05-03
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0521768624
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Draws together a wide range of elements relating to craniofacial analysis and identification, examining the latest advances in the field.

Forensic Facial Identification

2015-06-22
Forensic Facial Identification
Author: Tim Valentine
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 372
Release: 2015-06-22
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1118469585
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Forensic Facial Identification “A broad view of contemporary eyewitness research in both traditional and emerging areas. The international cast of contributors particularly highlights the interplay between law and research across countries — with lessons for all.” Steven D. Penrod, Distinguished Professor, John Jay College of Criminal Justice “At an age where we are relying more than ever on facial identification to ensure public safety, this volume represents an important milestone in ensuring our decisions are informed by the latest developments in technology and science. International experts provide practitioners with an exhaustive review of the tools needed to identify and investigate cases relying on facial identification, be they terror suspects or victims of disaster. What is unique about this book is that experts are encouraged to learn from mistakes made in the past and to equip themselves with theory and science to enable them to best use identification evidence to avoid miscarriages of justice. An outstanding contribution to the field.” Amina Memon, Professor of Psychology Royal Holloway, University of London Forensic Facial Identification provides an up-to-date set of best practices for professionals using eyewitness identification to solve crimes of all kinds. The book brings together a prominent group of contributors to discuss the latest scientific and technical advancements and their implications for practice. The contributors review current procedures for various facial identification methods and discuss their use and reliability. The chapters examine traditional forms of eyewitness identification, such as mugshots and line-ups, but also delve into newer technologies, such as facial identification using CCTV images and computerized automatic face recognition systems. Detailed case studies help put the latest research and technology in the proper legal context. Bridging the fields of psychology, criminology, and law, this essential volume, part of the Wiley Series in Crime, Policing and Law, is for those wishing to stay at the cutting-edge of this expanding and changing field.

Handbook on Craniofacial Superimposition

2016-09-10
Handbook on Craniofacial Superimposition
Author: Sergio Damas
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 205
Release: 2016-09-10
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9783319111360
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This is the first comprehensive guide to a new soft computing technique which is used in complex forensic cases. The chapters include detailed technical and practical overviews, and discussions about the latest tools, open problems and ethical and legal issues involved. The book is closely associated with a successful research initiative, MEPROCS, and it will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in forensic medicine and computational intelligence.

Cyber Security and Digital Forensics

2022-01-12
Cyber Security and Digital Forensics
Author: Sabyasachi Pramanik
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2022-01-12
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1119795648
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CYBER SECURITY AND DIGITAL FORENSICS Cyber security is an incredibly important issue that is constantly changing, with new methods, processes, and technologies coming online all the time. Books like this are invaluable to professionals working in this area, to stay abreast of all of these changes. Current cyber threats are getting more complicated and advanced with the rapid evolution of adversarial techniques. Networked computing and portable electronic devices have broadened the role of digital forensics beyond traditional investigations into computer crime. The overall increase in the use of computers as a way of storing and retrieving high-security information requires appropriate security measures to protect the entire computing and communication scenario worldwide. Further, with the introduction of the internet and its underlying technology, facets of information security are becoming a primary concern to protect networks and cyber infrastructures from various threats. This groundbreaking new volume, written and edited by a wide range of professionals in this area, covers broad technical and socio-economic perspectives for the utilization of information and communication technologies and the development of practical solutions in cyber security and digital forensics. Not just for the professional working in the field, but also for the student or academic on the university level, this is a must-have for any library. Audience: Practitioners, consultants, engineers, academics, and other professionals working in the areas of cyber analysis, cyber security, homeland security, national defense, the protection of national critical infrastructures, cyber-crime, cyber vulnerabilities, cyber-attacks related to network systems, cyber threat reduction planning, and those who provide leadership in cyber security management both in public and private sectors

Molecular Photofitting

2010-07-19
Molecular Photofitting
Author: Tony Frudakis Ph.D.
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 711
Release: 2010-07-19
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0080551378
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In the field of forensics, there is a critical need for genetic tests that can function in a predictive or inferential sense, before suspects have been identified, and/or for crimes for which DNA evidence exists but eye-witnesses do not. Molecular Photofitting fills this need by describing the process of generating a physical description of an individual from the analysis of his or her DNA. The molecular photofitting process has been used to assist with the identification of remains and to guide criminal investigations toward certain individuals within the sphere of prior suspects. Molecular Photofitting provides an accessible roadmap for both the forensic scientist hoping to make use of the new tests becoming available, and for the human genetic researcher working to discover the panels of markers that comprise these tests. By implementing population structure as a practical forensics and clinical genomics tool, Molecular Photofitting serves to redefine the way science and history look at ancestry and genetics, and shows how these tools can be used to maximize the efficacy of our criminal justice system. - Explains how physical descriptions of individuals can be generated using only their DNA - Contains case studies that show how this new forensic technology is used in practical application - Includes over 100 diagrams, tables, and photos to illustrate and outline complex concepts

Statistical Shape Analysis

2016-09-06
Statistical Shape Analysis
Author: Ian L. Dryden
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 516
Release: 2016-09-06
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 0470699620
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A thoroughly revised and updated edition of this introduction to modern statistical methods for shape analysis Shape analysis is an important tool in the many disciplines where objects are compared using geometrical features. Examples include comparing brain shape in schizophrenia; investigating protein molecules in bioinformatics; and describing growth of organisms in biology. This book is a significant update of the highly-regarded Statistical Shape Analysis by the same authors. The new edition lays the foundations of landmark shape analysis, including geometrical concepts and statistical techniques, and extends to include analysis of curves, surfaces, images and other types of object data. Key definitions and concepts are discussed throughout, and the relative merits of different approaches are presented. The authors have included substantial new material on recent statistical developments and offer numerous examples throughout the text. Concepts are introduced in an accessible manner, while retaining sufficient detail for more specialist statisticians to appreciate the challenges and opportunities of this new field. Computer code has been included for instructional use, along with exercises to enable readers to implement the applications themselves in R and to follow the key ideas by hands-on analysis. Offers a detailed yet accessible treatment of statistical methods for shape analysis Includes numerous examples and applications from many disciplines Provides R code for implementing the examples Covers a wide variety of recent developments in shape analysis Shape Analysis, with Applications in R will offer a valuable introduction to this fast-moving research area for statisticians and other applied scientists working in diverse areas, including archaeology, bioinformatics, biology, chemistry, computer science, medicine, morphometics and image analysis.

Computer-Graphic Facial Reconstruction

2005-07-02
Computer-Graphic Facial Reconstruction
Author: John G. Clement
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 409
Release: 2005-07-02
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0080454224
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This unique books looks at a cost-efficient, fast and accurate means of facial reconstruction--from segmented, decomposed, or skeletal remains--using computer-graphic and computational means.Computer-Graphic Facial Reconstruction is designed as a valuable resource for those scientists designing new research projects and protocols, as well as a practical handbook of methods and techniques for medico-legal practitioners who actually identify the faceless victims of crime. It looks at a variety of approaches: artificial intelligence using neural networks, case-based reasoning, Baysian belief systems, along with a variety of imaging methods: radiological, CT, MRI and the use of imaging devices.The methods described in this book complement, or may even replace, the less-reliable, more traditional means of securing identification by presumptive means, i.e., recognition of clothing, personal effects and clay reconstruction.- Covers cutting-edge technologies in the context of historical forensic reconstruction methods- Features stellar authors from around the globe- Bridges the areas of computer graphics, animation, and forensic anthropology

Handbook of Forensic Photography

2022-06-20
Handbook of Forensic Photography
Author: Sanford L Weiss
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 1670
Release: 2022-06-20
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1000300161
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Handbook of Forensic Photography is the most-comprehensive, definitive reference for the use of photography in the capture and presentation of forensic evidence. The intent is to inform the reader about the most complete and up-to-date methods to capture and reproduce images that most accurately represent the evidence. With the rise in importance of forensic science, crime and accident scene documentation has likewise increased in importance—not the least of which has been forensic photography. The need to use accepted practice and protocols to guarantee the authenticity of images for evidence documentation is paramount for using it in court. And as with any discipline, there is an art to the science of forensic photography. Contributing authors from various backgrounds—each experts in their field—have provided numerous case examples, best practices, and recommendations for recognizing, recording, and preserving evidence using cameras and the latest digital image technology, including video and other imaging technologies. Chapters present such topics as videography, drone photography, underwater photography, crime scene photography, autopsy photographs, fire documentation, forensic odontology, and more. The book closes with coverage of courtroom displays, presenting imaging evidence and expert witness testimony in the courtroom. Handbook of Forensic Photography is a must-have reference for experienced crime scene photographers, death and crime scene investigators, police, and forensic professionals—including medical examiners, odontologists, engineers, and forensic anthropologists—who frequently need to capture investigative photographs in the course of investigations.